Classroom Instruction That Works  
Researchers at Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL) have identified nine instructional strategies that are most likely to improve student achievement across all content areas and across all grade levels. These strategies are explained in the book Classroom Instruction That Works by Robert Marzano, Debra Pickering, and Jane Pollock.
 
Nine Traits for Instruction That Works
1. Identifying similarities and differences
2. Summarizing and note taking
3. Reinforcing effort and providing recognition
4. Homework and practice
5. Nonlinguistic representations
6. Cooperative learning
7. Setting objectives and providing feedback
8. Generating and testing hypotheses
9. Cues, questions, and advanced organizers
 

Finding free computer applications for student learning

Hott Notes for scribble, notes and checklist

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Strategies That Work for identifiying similarities and differences (pdf)

 

Connect 2

Think of a topic

Record the topic in Inspiration

Brainstorm words associated with this topic

Create Inspiration symbols for each idea

Individually connect two topics with a link and label the link for similarity or difference

 

List-Group-Label

List: Identify words associated with a topic

Record the group’s thinking in Inspiration on one computer

Group: Each student uses the file from the previous List activity to sort the words and phrases into categories

Label: Label each category with a name that reflects the contents

 

Column Charting

Using Microsoft Word create a multiple column, multiple row table from the Insert Menu

Type text as column labels for the topic

Ie. Summer, Winter, Fall, Spring

Create row text with attributes related to the topic

Ie. Weather, Recreation, Social Events, Vacation Spots, Sports, <Other>, <Other>

Compare and contrast the seasons and enter ideas in the table.

 

Linear Arrays

Using PowerPoint add  words as separate Slides

i.e. probably, always, seldom, rarely, likely

Sort slides from greatest to least

Add additional words

i.e. more than an even chance, unlikely less than even occasionally, often, frequently, never

In context for learning

i.e. Democracy, subordinate, dictator, boss, leader, tyrant, president, anarchy, ruler

Use for vocabulary words

i.e. Horrified, scared, petrified, frightened

Use closed or open varieties

i.e. Give all the words for sorting

i.e. Give two opposite words and have students determine the words for the graduations

Extend by adding text explanations to slides

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Strategies That Work for summarizing and notetaking (pdf)

 

Exit Slips with Three-Minute Pause

Students summarize using Microsoft NotePad

 

ABC Brainstorm

Create a 3x27 table in Microsoft Word.  Enter the letters of the alphabet in the first column, Take notes for a topic in the second column, and use the third column for student comments or additional information.

 

Carousel Brainstorm

Using a word processor, create a new document for each topic word or phrase. Enter the topic text at the top. Students carousel taking time to write what they know about a topic.

 

Structured Note-Taking

In a PowerPoint document slide titles become topics for students to take notes. Students enter notes on the topic in the bulleted list.

 

Trash-n-Treasure

Students identify words and phrases from text that supports key ideas.

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Strategies That Work for nonlinguistic representations (pdf)

 

Visually represent content and concepts through Examples and Non Examples

Draw pictures of vocabulary and content to demonstrate understanding.

Use the Frayer Model strategies to develop a deep understanding of content.

 i.e. What it is

What it is not

Examples

Non-examples

What I think of when I hear this word

3 people most likely to use this word often

Different forms of this word

 

Color Shock

Using a Paint or Drawing software represent vocabulary words or math concepts in colors to help

improves directionality, visual discrimination, and sequential memory skills.

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Strategies That Work for cues, questions, and advanced organizers (pdf)

 

Anticipation Guides

Pre-reading activities help students make connections. Create guides in a table in Microsoft Word.

 

Column Notes

Help students organize information with a grid of columns and rows

 

3-2-1 Reflection

Three things I know

Two things I learned

One question I have

 

Embedded Questions

Provide students with text documents with embedded questions to answer as they are reading the text.

 

Advanced Organizers
Inspiration software has pre-designed templates to highlight thinking. Students demonstrate understanding with advanced organizers

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